The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Parents' Sports Goal Orientation with the Skill Level of Skilled Gymnasts Children

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Motor behavior and sport psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/mmbj.2025.65694.1159

Abstract

This descriptive-correlational study aimed to explore the relationship between parenting styles, parents' sports goal orientation, and the skill levels of skilled gymnasts aged 6 to 9 years. The study's statistical population consisted of gymnastic children from the northern region of Tehran who had at least two years of practice experience, with 44 participants volunteering.
To collect data, the researchers used Baumrind's (1973) parenting style questionnaires and Keshavarzi et al.'s (2011) questionnaires on parents' sports orientation. Additionally, the skill level in gymnastics was assessed using the preliminary leveling test from the Gymnastics Federation (Taherkhani et al., 2018). The collected data were then analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and multiple regression at a significance level of α=0.05.
The results indicated that parenting styles and parents' sports goal orientation predicted 74% of the gymnastics skill level in girls and 71% in boys. A significant correlation was found between permissive and assertive parenting styles and gymnastics skill levels. Specifically, permissive and assertive parenting styles were strongly related to girls' athletic performance, while assertive parenting styles were significantly associated with boys' athletic performance. Furthermore, a notable correlation was observed between mastery goal orientation and the gymnastic skill levels of both girls and boys.
In conclusion, it can be said that parenting styles and parents' athletic goal orientation are related to the skill levels of girls and boys in gymnastics to varying degrees. Overall, parents who employed assertive parenting styles and had a mastery goal orientation tended to have children with better gymnastics skills.

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History

  • Receive Date: 29 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 20 May 2025

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