Effectiveness of a Combined Intervention of Traditional Sports and Moral Values Education on Improving Emotion Regulation, Reducing Loneliness, and Aggression in Adolescents

Document Type : Original Article/Open Access/ Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license

Authors

Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665_889, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical stage in the formation of personality and social relationships, requiring interventions that strengthen both physical and ethical dimensions. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of integrating indigenous sports (such as Zurkhaneh exercises, heroic wrestling, and swimming) with ethical value education on improving emotion regulation and reducing loneliness and aggression among adolescents. This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test–post-test design with a control group and was conducted on 50 male high school students selected through multistage cluster sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (25 participants each). The experimental group participated in a 30-week intervention consisting of 90-minute sessions that combined traditional physical exercises with structured ethical education, while the control group continued with their regular physical education classes.

Data were collected using a researcher-made Aggression Questionnaire, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16), and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results showed no significant differences between the two groups at the pre-test stage (p > 0.05). However, after the intervention, the experimental group showed significant reductions in aggression (t = 9.87, p < 0.001; F = 28.1, p < 0.001), difficulties in emotion regulation (t = 6.12, p < 0.001; F = 22.1, p < 0.001), and loneliness (t = 4.15, p < 0.001; F = 21.6, p = 0.001).

hese findings indicate that the integrated program combining indigenous sports and ethical value education can serve as an effective school-based intervention to reduce aggressive behaviors, strengthen emotional and social competencies, and alleviate feelings of isolation among adolescents.

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Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 21 August 2026
  • Receive Date: 03 November 2025
  • Revise Date: 11 May 2026
  • Accept Date: 20 August 2026