سهم تمرین مسدود و تصادفی در تداخل زمینه‌ای نظام‌دار فزاینده در یادگیری پرتاب دارت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی / Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license/ Open Access

نویسندگان

گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگا شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر تأثیر سهم تمرین مسدود و تصادفی در تداخل زمینه‌ای نظام‌دار فزاینده در یادگیری پرتاب دارت بود. برای این منظور تعداد 60 نفر از کودکان 9-12 سال به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. سپس، از تمام شرکت‌کنندگان پیش‌آزمون پرتاب دارت گرفته شد. پس از انجام پیش‌آزمون، شرکت‌کنندگان به‌صورت تصادفی در 6 گروه مسدود 100 درصد، مسدود 70 درصد-تصادفی 30 درصد، مسدود 50 درصد-تصادفی 50 درصد، مسدود 30 درصد-تصادفی 70 درصد، تصادفی 100 درصد و ثابت 100 درصد قرار گرفتند. هر گروه با توجه به دستورالعمل در نظر گرفته‌شده به اجرای آزمون پرداختند. مرحله اکتساب در سه جلسه انجام شد. شرکت‌کنندگان در هر جلسه 60 کوشش (6 بلوک 10 کوششی) انجام داد. پس از پایان مرحله اکتساب، پس‌آزمون با انجام 10 کوشش انجام شد و 24 ساعت بعد از پس‌آزمون، آزمون یادداری و 15 دقیقه بعد آزمون انتقال اجرا شد. از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه و تحلیل واریانس مرکب و نیز آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مرحله اکتساب بین گروه‌ها تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت ولی در مرحله یادداری و انتقال گروه فزاینده نظام‌دار مسدود 30 درصد-تصادفی 70 درصد از بقیه گروه‌ها عملکرد بهتری داشت. همچنین مشخص شد که گروه تصادفی 100 درصد نسبت به گروه مسدود 100 درصد و ثابت 100 درصد عملکرد بهتری داشت. بنابراین، مربیان ورزشی و معلمان تربیت‌بدنی می‌توانند از تمرینات فزاینده نظام‌دار که سهم تمرین تصادفی بیشتر باشد در یادگیری مهارت‌های حرکتی از قبیل پرتاب دارت استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Contributed Blocked and Random Practice in the Systematic Incremental Contextual Interference on Learning of Throwing Darts

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mansoureh Bakhtiarizadeh
  • Rasool Abedanzadeh
  • Esmaeel saemi
Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was investigate of the contributed blocked and random practice in the systematic incremental contextual cnterference on learning to throw darts. For this purpose, 60 children aged 9-12 years were selected through convenience sampling. Then, the participants performed the dart throwing pre-test. After the pre-test, the participants were randomly divided into 6 groups: 100% blocked, 70% randomized-30% blocked, 50%-randomized 50% blocked, 30% randomized- 70% blocked, 100% randomized and 100% constant. Each group was given a test run in accordance with the guidelines. Acquisition step was performed in three sessions. Each participant made 60 attempts during each of the 6 blocks of 10 attempts. After the end of the acquisition phase, a post-test was performed and 24 hours later, retention and transfer test carried out. For data analysis used the one-way ANOVA, Mixed ANOVA and Bonferron's post hoc test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the groups in the acquisition stag, but in the retention and transferr test the group of a Systematic Incremental 70% randomized-30% blocked of the other groups perform better. It was also found that the 100% randomized group had a better than 100% blocked and 100% constant. Therefore, sports instructors and educators can use more systematic Incremental exercises that are more contributing to a randomized exercise in learning motor skills such as throwing darts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • contextual interference
  • blocked practice
  • random practice
  • systematic incremental
  • throwing darts
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