بررسی فعالیت الکتریکی عضلات اندام تحتانی هنگام حفظ تعادل ایستا و پویا: تاکید بر سابقه سقوط در سالمندان.

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی / Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license/ Open Access

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه رفتار حرکتی دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی فعالیت الکتریکی عضلات اندام تحتانی هنگام حفظ تعادل ایستا و پویا با تاکید بر سابقه سقوط در سالمندان انجام گرفت. پژوهش از نوع علی-مقایسه‌ای و از نظر هدف کاربردی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش سالمندان می‌باشند که در دو گروه با سابقه افتادن (نفر10) و بدون سابقه افتادن (نفر10) به روش هدفمند انتخاب شده‌اند. با استفاده از دستگاه الکترومیوگرافی، فعالیت عضلات راست رانی، دوسر رانی و ساقی قدامی پای راست و چپ در هنگام اجرای تست تعادل ثبت شد. اطلاعات به‌دست آمده با استفاده از روش‌های آماری تحلیل واریانس ویژه داده‌های تکراری در سطح معنی‌داری 05/0 پردازش شد. نتایج نشان داد، هنگام حفظ تعادل بر روی پای راست بین میانگین شدت فعالیت عضله بایسپس فموریس(BF) راست و چپ دو گروه با و بدون سابقه افتادن تفاوت وجود دارد و در آزمون TUG نیز در مرحله بلند شدن، گروه با سابقه افتادن فعالیت بیشتری در عضله رکتوس فموریس(RF) راست و عضله بایسپس فموریس(BF) راست نسبت به گروه بدون سابقه افتادن نشان دادند. افزایش فعالیت عضلات در افراد با سابقه سقوط را می توان به درگیری واحدهای حرکتی بیشتر و تلاش بیشتر آنها جهت جبران ضعف تعادل نسبت داد. با توجه به اینکه اجرای تمرینات تعادل ایستا و پویا باعث افزایش بیشتر فعالیت عضلات اندام تحتانی در سالمندان با سابقه سقوط می شود، بنابراین برای جلوگیری از افتادن های مکرر در سالمندان با سابقه سقوط تقویت عضلات دوسررانی و راست رانی از طریق تمرینات تعادلی در این افراد توصیه می گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the electrical activity of the lower limb muscles while maintaining static and dynamic balance: Emphasis on the history of falls in the elderly.

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali Mosayyyebi 1
  • Shirin yazdani 2
  • zahra fathirezaie 2
1 student
2 department of Motor behavior, faculty of physical education and sport science
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the electrical activity of the lower limb muscles while maintaining static and dynamic balance, emphasizing the history of falls in the elderly. The research is causal-comparative and practical in terms of purpose.
The statistical population of this research was the elderly who were selected in two groups with a history of falling (10 people) and without a history of falling (10 people) in a purposeful way. using an electromyography device, the activity of the right rectos femoris, biceps femoris and tibialis anterior muscles of the right and left foot was recorded during the balance test. To assess the normality of data distribution, Shapiro Wilks test was used. The data were processed using analysis of variance for repeated measure at a significance level of 0.05.
The results showed that while maintaining balance on the right foot, there is a difference between the normalized EMG activity of the right and left biceps femoris muscle (BF) of the two groups, and in the TUG test, the group with a history of falling showed more activity in the right rectus femoris (RF) muscle and the right biceps femoris (BF) muscle than the nonfalling group. According to the results, the normalized EMG activity of the biceps femoris (BF) and rectus femoris of the elderly with a history of falling while maintaining static and dynamic balance is significantly higher than that of the elderly without a history of falling; The increased EMG activity in falling group can be attributed to the recruitment of more motor units for compensation of balance deficit. Considering that performing static and dynamic balance exercises increases the activity of lower limb muscles in the elderly with a history of falls, therefore, to prevent frequent falls in the elderly with a history of falls, it is recommended to strengthen the biceps and rectos femoris muscles through balance exercises in these people.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lower limb
  • static and dynamic balance
  • history of falls
  • elderly
Ambrose, A. F., Paul, G., Hausdorff, J. M., (2013). Risk factors for falls amongolder adults,
A review of the literatre.75(1):51-61.
- Azimzade, E., Fagihe, V., Gasemi, A., (2019). The effect of dual task training on the balance
of elderly women: with the approach of cognitive and motor tasks. Research in sports
management and movement behavior. 8 (15): 103-11. ]In Persian[.
- Azadian, E., Taheri Torbati, H., Saberi kakhaki, A., (2017). Muscular activity of elderly
people with impaired balance in walking with dual task. Sports Biomechanics Journal. 2 (2):
5-15. ]In Persian[.
- Beauchet, O., Dubost, V., Gonthier, R., et al. (2005). DualTask-Related Gait Changes in.
Gerontology; 51(1):48-52.
- Dietz, V., & Berger, W., (1983). Normal and impaired regulation of muscle stiffness in gait:
a new hypothesis about muscle hypertonia. Experimental neurology, 79(3), 680-687.
- Fathi Rezaie, Z., Aslankhani, M., Farsi, A., Abdoli, B., Zamani Sani, H., (2010).
Comparison of three functional tests of balance in identifying elderly people with and without
a history of falling. Knowledge and Health Quarterly. 4 (4): 22-27. ]In Persian[.
- Yazdani, Sh., Mohammadalinezhad, S., Eslami, S., Sajedi, H., (2020). The
Electromyographic Activity of Lower Limb Muscles in the Elderly during Walking on the
Treadmill: An Emphasis on the Effect of Virtual Reality. J Res Rehabil Sci .16:135-41. ]In
Persian[.
- Hermens, H. J., Freriks, B., Disselhorst-Klug, C., Rau, G., (2000). Development of
recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr
Kinesiol.10 (5): 361-74.
- Hess, J. A., Woollacott, M., (2005). Effect of high-intensity strength-training on functional
measures of balance ability in balance-impaired older adults. Journal of Manipulative and
Physiological Therapeutics. 28 (8): 582-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.08.013
-Kavyanipur, H., Farsi, A., Ahmadi, N., (2019). The effect of the difficulty of the balance task
and visual feedback Electrical activity of selected muscles of elderly women, Journal of
Sports Psychology. 4 (2), 61-75
- Kourosh Fard, N., Alizade, M., Afshari, N., (2017). Comparison of electromyographic
activity of some lower limb muscles in people with and without dynamic knee misalignment in
one leg squat movement, sports medicine, 9th year, number 1. ]In Persian[.
- melzer, I., Benjuya, N., kaplanski, J., Alexander, N., (2008). Association between ankle
muscle strength and limit of stability in older adults. Age and Ageing. 38 (1):119-23
- Nejc, S., Loefler, S., Cvecka, J., Sedliak, M., Kern, H., (2013). Strength training in elderly
people improves static balance: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of
Translational Myology. 2013; 23(3):85. doi: 10.4081/bam.3.85.
- Oh-Park, M., Holtzer, R., Mahoney, J., et al. (2013). Motor dual-task effect on gait and task
of upper limbs in older adults under specific task prioritization: pilot study. Aging Clin Exp
Res, 25(1): 99-106. 17.
- Laroche, D. P, Cremin, K. A., Greenleaf, B., CroCe, R. V., (2010). Rapid torque
development in older female fallers and nonfallers: A Comparison across lower- extremity
muscles, Journal of electromayography and kinesiology. 20 (3):482-8
Lee, S. Y, Jo, M. E., (2016). Comparison of maximum voluntary isometric contraction of
the biceps on various posture and respiration conditions for normalization of
electromyography data. J Phys Ther Sci. 28 (11):3007-3010.
-Sharifmoradi, K., Farahpour, N., Assessment of Range of Motion and Lower Limb Muscle
Activity in Parkinson Patients and Normal Elderly Subject (a case study). J Sport Biomech, 3
(1) :25-36. URL: http://biomechanics.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-74-fa.html
-Penzer, F., Duchateau, J., Baudry, S., (2015). Effects of short-term training combining
strength and balance exercises on maximal strength and upright standing steadiness in elderly
adults. Experimental Gerontology. 61:38-46. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.11.013.
- Tabard-Fougère, A., Rose-Dulcina, K., Pittet, V., Dayer, R., Vuillerme, N., Armand, S.,
(2018). EMG normalization method based on grade 3 of manual muscle testing: Within- and
between-day reliability of normalization tasks and application to gait analysis. Gait Posture.
60:6-12.
- Tajvar, M., Arab, M., Montazeri, A., (2008). Determinants of health-related quality of life in
elderly in Tehran، Iran. BMC public health.8 (1)1 -18. ]In Persian[.
- Wollesen, B., Voelcker-Rehage, C.,Willer, J., Zech, A., Mattes, K., (2015). Feasibility study
of dual-task-managing training to improve gait performance of older adults. Aging Clinical
and Experimental Research. 27(4): 447-55.
- Wollesen, B., Voelcker-Rehage, C., (2014). Training effects on motor cognitive dual-task
performance in older adults. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity.11(1): 5-24
- Zanganeh, A., Sheikh, M., Farookhi, A., et al. (2016). The Effect of Dual Task, Single Task,
and Combined Task on Older Adults’ Gait, with or without the Experience of Falling. Motor
Behavior 8(25): 31-62. ]In Persian[