مقایسه اثربخشی تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی و تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه‌ای بر توجه پایدار و بازداری پاسخ دختران ژیمناست نوجوان: مطالعه با اثر انتظار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی / Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license/ Open Access

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه یزد، بخش علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 گروه آموزش تربیت‌بدنی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در سالهای اخیرپژوهش به منظور بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی از طریق تمرینات هدفمند، جهت بهبود عملکردورزشی مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته است ، لذا هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی و تحریک فراجمجمه‌ای بر بازداری پاسخ و توجه پایدار دختران ژیمناست نوجوان با پیگیری یک‌ماهه بود. 36 دختر ژیمناست نوجوان ماهر با دامنه سنی 15-12 سال به‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به‌طور مساوی (12 نفر) در سه گروه تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی، تحریک فراجمجمه‌ای و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه‌های تجربی به مدت شش جلسه در برنامه تمرینی خود شرکت کردند و گروه کنترل فعالیتی نداشت. جهت سنجش بازداری پاسخ از آزمون برو/نرو و جهت سنجش توجه پایدار از آزمون عملکرد پیوسته استفاده گردید. جهت تحلیل اطلاعات از آزمون تحلیل واریانس مرکب با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 26 استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی و تحریک فراجمجمه‌ای باعث بهبود نمرات توجه پایدار شرکت‌کنندگان در مرحله پس‌آزمون نسبت به گروه کنترل گردید (05/0>p)، هرچند تفاوت بین دو گروه آزمایش‌ معنا‌دار نبود (05/0<p). درمرحله پیگیری تفاوت معناداری بین گروه ذهن‌آگاهی با دوگروه دیگر مشاهده شد (05/0>p) که گروه ذهن‌آگاهی اجرای بهتری داشتند. همچنین مقایسه گروه‌ها درمراحل مختلف درخصوص متغیر بازداری پاسخ، نشان دهنده تفاوت معنادار بین گروه‌های آزمایش باکنترل درهر یک از مراحل پس‌آزمون و پیگیری بود (05/0>p). بااین‌وجود، بین دوگروه آزمایش دراین مراحل تفاوت معناداری دیده نشد (05/0<p). باتوجه به یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت هر دو تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی و تحریک فراجمجمه‌ای برمتغیرهای موردبررسی تاثیر داشته‌اند و ذهن‌آگاهی می‌تواند بعنوان راهی مناسب‌، کم‌هزینه و دردسترس جهت استفاده ورزشکاران قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training and Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation on Sustained Attention and Response Inhibition in Teenage gymnast girls: A Study with the Expectancy Effect.

نویسندگان [English]

  • hossein samadi 1
  • mastooreh khorram 1
  • mohammad sohbatiha 2
1 Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Department of Sports Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
2 Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, research has focused on improving executive functions through purposeful training to improve athletic performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness training (MT) and Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) on response inhibition and sustained attention of teenage gymnast girls with a one-month follow-up. 36 skilled gymnast girls with aged 12-15 years were selected as available and were equally (n=12) divided into three groups of MT, tDCS and control The experimental groups participated in their exercise program for six sessions, and the control group did not do any activity. Go-no go test was used to measure response inhibition and continuous performance test was used to measure sustained attention. In order to analyze the data, the mixed ANOVA test was used using SPSS version 26 software. The findings showed that MT and tDCS improved the participants' sustained attention scores in the post-test phase compared to the control group (p≤0.05), although the difference between the two experimental groups was not significant (p≥0.05). In the follow-up phase, a significant difference was observed between the MT group and the other two groups (p≤0.05), while the MT group performed better. Also, comparing the groups at different stages in response inhibition variable showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups at each of the post-test and follow-up phases (p≤0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the two experimental groups at these stages (p≤0.05). According to the findings, it can be concluded that both MT and tDCS have an effect on the investigated variables, and MT can be used by athletes as a suitable, low-cost and accessible way.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mindfulness
  • Transcranial Stimulation
  • Response inhibition
  • Sustained Attention
  • Gymnastics
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